What Is ADHD? Understanding Symptoms and Diagnosis
Understanding ADHD
ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention, impulse control, and activity levels. It’s common in children but can persist into adulthood. ADHD impacts daily functioning, learning, relationships, and emotional regulation.
Key Symptoms of ADHD
ADHD symptoms typically fall into two categories: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Some individuals experience a combination of both.
Inattention
Difficulty focusing or staying on task
Easily distracted
Forgetfulness in daily activities
Trouble organizing tasks or managing time
Frequently losing items
Hyperactivity and Impulsivity
Fidgeting or restlessness
Trouble staying seated
Talking excessively
Interrupting others
Acting without thinking
Causes of ADHD
ADHD results from a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors:
Genetics: ADHD often runs in families
Brain structure and function: Differences in brain regions that control attention and self-regulation
Environmental factors: Prenatal exposure to alcohol or tobacco, low birth weight, or early trauma
Diagnosis of ADHD
Diagnosis is based on a thorough evaluation by a qualified professional. Steps include:
Medical history review
Behavioral assessments
Symptom checklists
Observations in different settings
Symptoms must interfere with functioning and be present in multiple areas (home, school, work).
Final Thoughts
ADHD is a real, medically recognized condition. Early recognition and support—through behavioral strategies, therapy, and sometimes medication—can dramatically improve quality of life.
